Briefly describe methods of ‘above-the-line promotion’.
CAMBRIDGE
A level and AS level
Year Examined
May/June 2018
Topic
Marketing
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Briefly describe methods of ‘above-the-line promotion’.
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A-Level Business Studies Essay Guide: Above-the-Line Promotion
This guide will provide you with everything you need to write a successful A-Level Business Studies essay on above-the-line promotion.
Understanding Above-the-Line Promotion
Above-the-line promotion refers to traditional, mass-marketing techniques that use paid media to reach a large audience. It's distinguished from below-the-line promotion, which uses more direct, targeted methods. Here are some key characteristics of above-the-line promotion:
- Mass reach: Aims to reach a large and broad audience.
- Paid media: Utilizes paid advertising channels.
- Less targeted: Often targets a general audience rather than a specific segment.
Methods of Above-the-Line Promotion
Here are some examples of above-the-line promotion methods, with explanations of how they work:
Newspapers and Magazines
These traditional media channels can be used for informative and persuasive advertising. Newspapers are good for reaching a local audience, while magazines are often targeted at specific demographics.
- Informative advertising: Provides detailed information about a product or service, often using factual content and statistics.
- Persuasive advertising: Uses emotional appeals, humor, or celebrity endorsements to create a positive impression of the brand and encourage purchase.
Online Media and Social Media
Online advertising has become increasingly popular, offering a wide range of options for reaching targeted audiences. Social media platforms, like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, are particularly effective at engaging with specific demographics.
- Banner ads: Displayed on websites, offering clickable links to the advertiser's website.
- Social media campaigns: Utilize engaging content, influencer marketing, and targeted advertising to reach a specific audience.
Television and Radio
Television and radio are powerful media channels that offer reach to a large audience. TV advertising offers a highly visual medium, while radio can be used to target specific demographics through targeted programming.
- Television commercials: Often use humor, emotion, or celebrity endorsements to make a strong impact on viewers.
- Radio commercials: Offer shorter, more engaging ads that target specific demographics through program targeting.
Cinema and Billboards
Cinema advertising allows companies to reach audiences in a captive environment, while billboards offer highly visible advertising opportunities in high-traffic areas.
- Cinema advertising: Often features visually compelling content and sound effects to engage viewers.
- Billboards: Used for short, impactful messages that attract attention and create brand awareness.
Trade Journals
Trade journals are specialized publications that target specific industries and professionals. They offer a highly targeted way to reach potential customers and generate leads.
- Informative advertising: Presents detailed information about products and services relevant to the industry.
- Lead generation: Encourages professionals to request more information or schedule a consultation.
Tips for Writing a Successful Essay
- Focus on the specific question: Ensure your essay directly addresses the question asked and provides relevant analysis.
- Use specific examples: Illustrate your points with real-world examples of companies using above-the-line promotion methods successfully.
- Provide evidence and reasoning: Back up your claims with evidence and logical reasoning, demonstrating a deep understanding of the topic.
- Consider pros and cons: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using different methods of above-the-line promotion.
- Use clear and concise language: Write in a clear and concise manner, using academic language where appropriate.
- Proofread carefully: Ensure your essay is free from errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation.
Conclusion
By understanding the key characteristics and methods of above-the-line promotion, you can effectively answer A-Level Business Studies essay questions on this topic. Remember to focus on the specific question, provide relevant examples, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject matter. Good luck!
Extracts from Mark Schemes
Briefly describe methods of ‘above-the-line promotion’.
Answers may include:
- Relevant methods include the following – newspapers, magazines, online media, social media, television, radio, cinema, billboards, trade journals.
- Candidates may interpret methods as types of above the line promotion such as persuasive and informative advertising. This interpretation is valid and should be credited.
- A sound explanation of any of these methods must contain some description of how the method works and/or a detailed explanation of the method itself.
- For example, magazines may be used to persuade readers to purchase a product by using attractive pictures. TV is a visual medium and demonstrates products for sale moving images.