Explain the term ‘job production’.
CAMBRIDGE
A level and AS level
Year Examined
May/June 2021
Topic
Operations Management
👑Complete Model Essay
Job Production
Job production is a method of manufacturing where products are made individually, and each item is finished before the next one is started. This process is often used for unique or custom-made products, where each item is tailored to the specific requirements of the customer.
Several key characteristics define job production:
- One-off Items: Each product is treated as a separate project, and the production process is geared towards creating a single, unique item.
- Customer Specification: Products are often designed and produced based on the specific requirements and preferences of individual customers. This high degree of customization makes each item unique.
- Handmade or Limited Runs: Job production often involves a significant amount of skilled labor, with workers using specialized tools and techniques to create the product. This can limit the number of items that can be produced.
- Sequential Production: The entire production process for one item is completed before the next one is started. This ensures that each product receives the necessary attention to detail and meets the required specifications.
Some common examples of job production include:
- Tailor-made suits: A tailor takes measurements and creates a suit according to the specific requirements of an individual client.
- Custom-built homes: Architects and construction companies work together to design and build a home that meets the unique needs and preferences of the homeowner.
- Bespoke jewelry: A jeweler creates a one-of-a-kind piece of jewelry based on the specifications and design choices of the customer.
While job production offers the advantage of customization and high quality, it also has some drawbacks. These include:
- High Costs: Due to the specialized labor and individual attention required, job production can be more expensive than other manufacturing methods.
- Time-Consuming: Producing each item individually can be time-consuming, which can lead to longer lead times for customers.
- Limited Scalability: It can be difficult to increase production volume with job production as it relies heavily on skilled labor and individual attention to each product.
In conclusion, job production is a specialized manufacturing method best suited for creating unique, high-quality, customized products. While it offers advantages in terms of flexibility and craftsmanship, it is important to consider the potential drawbacks of higher costs, longer lead times, and limited scalability when choosing this production method.
**Sources:** * Sloman, J., & Jones, E. (2011). *Essentials of business economics*. Pearson Education. * Worthington, I., & Britton, C. (2018). *The Business Environment*. Pearson Education. **Note:** These sources were used for general knowledge and background information while writing this essay. Specific page numbers are not provided as the information is based on general understanding of the topic.Explain the term ‘job production’.
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A-Level Business Studies Essay Guide: Job Production
This guide will help you write an effective essay on job production for your A-Level Business Studies course. It covers the key elements of job production, provides tips for writing a strong essay, and includes relevant examples to support your arguments.
Understanding Job Production
Job production, also known as custom production or project production, involves the production of unique, one-off items specifically tailored to the needs of individual customers. It is characterized by a series of distinct features:
Key Features of Job Production
- Production of One-Off Items: Each item produced is unique and not part of a batch or mass production run. This means that the production process is tailored to the specific requirements of each customer.
- Specialised and Unique Items: Job production focuses on producing bespoke items designed and crafted to meet specific customer needs and preferences. This often involves intricate designs, custom materials, and high levels of craftsmanship.
- Handmade and Limited Supply: Job production often involves manual labour and skilled craftsmanship, resulting in a limited supply of each item. This exclusivity contributes to the perceived value and desirability of job-produced goods.
- Sequential Production: Each item is completed before the next one is started. This ensures meticulous attention to detail and allows for individual customization throughout the production process.
Examples of Job Production
Here are some examples of industries and products that typically utilize job production:
- Designer Fashion: High-end fashion designers create one-off garments for individual clients, often using expensive fabrics and meticulous techniques.
- Luxury Watches: Handcrafted watches made by skilled artisans using intricate components and elaborate designs are prime examples of job production.
- Bespoke Tailoring: Tailors create custom-made suits and garments that perfectly fit the body and style preferences of individual customers.
- Architectural Projects: Unique architectural designs and constructions are often created using job production methods, ensuring the specific needs of the client are met.
Writing Your Essay on Job Production
Now that you understand the concept of job production, let's look at how to write a strong essay on this topic:
Planning and Structure
- Choose a Clear Focus: Decide on a specific aspect of job production that you want to explore in your essay. This could be the advantages, disadvantages, or challenges of job production, or a specific industry where it is used.
- Develop a Strong Argument: State your main argument or thesis statement clearly and ensure your essay provides evidence and analysis to support it.
- Structure Your Essay: Use a logical structure with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
Content and Analysis
- Define Key Terms: Start by providing a clear definition of job production.
- Explain the Characteristics of Job Production: Discuss the key features and processes involved in job production, using examples to illustrate your points.
- Analyze Advantages and Disadvantages: Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of job production, considering factors such as cost, quality, flexibility, and lead time.
- Include Real-World Examples: Use relevant industry examples to support your arguments and showcase how job production is applied in practice.
- Apply Business Theories: Relate job production to relevant business theories such as production methods, cost structures, and marketing strategies.
Tips for a Successful Essay
- Use Academic Language: Write in a clear, concise, and formal style, using business terminology and appropriate academic vocabulary.
- Support Your Statements: Back up your claims with evidence, examples, and relevant data. Use credible sources such as academic journals, industry reports, and reputable websites.
- Proofread Carefully: Ensure your essay is free from grammatical and spelling errors. Proofread your work carefully before submitting it.
Conclusion
By understanding the concept and characteristics of job production, you can write a comprehensive and insightful essay that demonstrates your knowledge of business principles. Remember to plan your essay carefully, provide clear analysis, and use relevant examples to support your arguments. Good luck with your A-Level Business Studies essays!
Extracts from Mark Schemes
Explain the term ‘job production’.
• production of one-off items, one-by-one (1)
• specialised/unique items designed by/for customers (1)
• hand-made/limited supply (1)
• each item finished before next one produced (1)
• correct example e.g. designer dresses, watches (1)