Poverty refers to a state of deprivation characterized by a lack of access to basic necessities, such as food, shelter, healthcare, and education. It is a multidimensional issue influenced by various factors, including low income, limited access to resources, social exclusion, and structural inequalities. Poverty is measured using indicators such as the poverty line, which defines a minimum income threshold below which individuals or households are considered to be in poverty. Understanding poverty helps policymakers, businesses, and individuals identify vulnerable groups, design targeted interventions, and develop strategies to alleviate poverty and promote social welfare.