Ethical Issues: The use of fMRI poses potential risks, although researchers took steps to minimize these.

Results: The study found a positive correlation between amygdala activation during the initial viewing of the images and the likelihood of recalling those images later.

Conclusion: The study supports the role of the amygdala in emotional memory.

Strengths: fMRI provides a relatively objective measure of brain activity.

The study used a longitudinal design, allowing researchers to investigate the link between amygdala activation and memory over time.

Weaknesses: Small sample size limits generalizability.

Lack of control over extraneous variables may have influenced the results.

The study relied on self-reported memory recall, which is subjective.

Psychology Investigated: The relationship between rapid eye movements (REM) sleep and dreaming.

Background: Research on sleep had indicated that different stages of sleep could be distinguished using an electroencephalogram (EEG).

Aim: To investigate whether REM sleep is associated with dreaming.

Procedure: Participants were woken up at various times during the night, both during REM and non-REM sleep.