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AQA/Cambridge
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A Level/ AS Level/ GCSE
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Social Approach
The experimenter (the authority figure) instructed the participants to continue delivering shocks, even when the "learner" protested.
Sample: 40 male participants.
Sampling Technique: Opportunity sampling.
Experimental Design: Independent measures.
Controls: Not specified.
Ethical Issues: The study involved deception, as participants were not informed about the true nature of the study.
Participants were also subjected to significant psychological stress, as they believed they were harming the "learner."
Results: The study found that 65% of participants obeyed the experimenter and delivered the highest level of shock.
Conclusion: The study suggests that people are willing to obey authority figures, even if it means going against their own moral beliefs.
Strengths: The study used a controlled experiment, allowing researchers to manipulate the independent variable (authority figure) and measure the effect on the dependent variable (obedience).
The study involved a relatively large sample size, increasing the generalizability of the findings.
Weaknesses: Ethical concerns about deception and psychological stress.